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Clutch Size & Phenology for Common Species
Estimates are based on Birds of the World and Nests, Eggs, and Nestlings of North American Birds – Second Edition by Paul Baicich and Colin Harrison.
| Species | Average Clutch Size | Average Incubation Period (in days) | Average Nestling Period (in days) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acadian Flycatcher | 3 | 14 | 12 |
| American Crow | 4-5 | 18 | 35 |
| American Goldfinch | 5 | 13 | 14 |
| American Kestrel | 4-5 | 30 | 30 |
| American Robin | 4 | 13 | 15 |
| American Tree Sparrow | 3-5 | 13 | 10 |
| Ash-throated Flycatcher | 4-5 | 15 | 17 |
| Bald Eagle | 2 | 41 | 75 |
| Baltimore Oriole | 4 | 13 | 13 |
| Barn Owl | 4-6 | 31 | 32 |
| Barn Swallow | 4-5 | 13 | 21 |
| Barred Owl | 2-3 | 31 | 32 |
| Bewick’s Wren | 5-7 | 14 | 14 |
| Black Vulture | 2 | 36 | 62 |
| Black-capped Chickadee | 6-8 | 13 | 14 |
| Blue Grosbeak | 4 | 12 | 11 |
| Blue Jay | 4-5 | 17 | 19 |
| Blue-gray Gnatcatcher | 4-5 | 15 | 13 |
| Bobolink | 5-6 | 12 | 12 |
| Boreal Chickadee | 4-9 | 14 | 18 |
| Brown Thrasher | 4-5 | 13 | 11 |
| Canada Goose | 5-6 | 28 | 5 |
| Carolina Chickadee | 6 | 13 | 17 |
| Carolina Wren | 4-6 | 13 | 13 |
| Cedar Waxwing | 3-5 | 13 | 17 |
| Chimney Swift | 4-5 | 19 | 19 |
| Chipping Sparrow | 4 | 13 | 11 |
| Dark-eyed Junco | 3-5 | 13 | 12 |
| Downy Woodpecker | 4-5 | 12 | 21 |
| Eastern Bluebird | 4-5 | 14 | 17 |
| Eastern Phoebe | 5 | 15 | 16 |
| Eastern Screech-owl | 4-5 | 26 | 31 |
| Eastern Towhee | 3-4 | 13 | 9 |
| European Starling | 5-7 | 14 | 21 |
| Field Sparrow | 3-5 | 11 | 8 |
| Gray Catbird | 4 | 13 | 11 |
| Great Blue Heron | 4 | 27 | 77 |
| Great Crested Flycatcher | 4-5 | 14 | 15 |
| Great-horned Owl | 2-3 | 31 | 34 |
| Hairy Woodpecker | 4 | 13 | 29 |
| House Finch | 4-5 | 13 | 15 |
| House Sparrow | 3-5 | 13 | 15 |
| House Wren | 6-8 | 14 | 15 |
| Indigo Bunting | 3-4 | 13 | 11 |
| Killdeer | 4 | 25 | precocial |
| Lesser Goldfinch | 4-5 | 12 | 11 |
| Mallard | 10-12 | 28 | precocial |
| Mountain Bluebird | 5-6 | 14 | 20 |
| Mountain Chickadee | 6-12 | 14 | 21 |
| Mourning Dove | 2 | 15 | 14 |
| Northern Cardinal | 4 | 12 | 10 |
| Northern Mockingbird | 3-5 | 13 | 13 |
| Osprey | 3 | 33 | 55 |
| Pileated Woodpecker | 3-5 | 18 | 27 |
| Prothonotary Warbler | 4-6 | 13 | 11 |
| Purple Martin | 4-5 | 16 | 28 |
| Red-eyed Vireo | 4 | 13 | 12 |
| Red-tailed Hawk | 2-3 | 30 | 30 |
| Red-winged Blackbird | 4 | 11 | 11 |
| Rose-breasted Grosbeak | 4 | 13 | 11 |
| Ruby-throated Hummingbird | 2 | 16 | 19 |
| Say’s Phoebe | 4-5 | 13 | 15 |
| Song Sparrow | 3-5 | 13 | 10 |
| Spotted Towhee | 3-4 | 13 | 9 |
| Tree Swallow | 4-6 | 15 | 20 |
| Tufted Titmouse | 5-6 | 13 | 17 |
| Turkey Vulture | 2 | 39 | 77 |
| Violet-green Swallow | 4-5 | 14 | 24 |
| Western Bluebird | 4-6 | 14 | 20 |
| Western Screeh-owl | 2-4 | 26 | 28 |
| Western Scrub Jay | 2-3 | 16 | 18 |
| Wild Turkey | 8-12 | 28 | precocial |
| Wood Duck | 8-10 | 30 | precocial |
| Wood Thrush | 3-4 | 13 | 13 |